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Eugène-René Poubelle (born Caen, France, 15 April 1831, died Paris 16 July 1907) was the man who introduced the dustbin, or trash can, to Paris and after whom the French dustbin (''la poubelle'') is now named. He was a lawyer, administrator and diplomat who as préfet of the Seine region of France introduced hygiene measures in Paris to which a newspaper gave his name. He became very popular for introducing 'the rubbish bin' for everyone to empty their waste into. == Biography == Eugène Poubelle was born to a bourgeois family in Caen. He studied to become a lawyer and obtained a doctorate. He taught at universities in Caen, Grenoble and Toulouse before being made préfet, or president's representative and regional administrator, in the Charente in April 1871. He became successively préfet in Isère, Corsica, Doubs, Bouches-du-Rhône and finally, from 1883 to 1896, in the Seine département. Becoming préfet of the Seine was significant because more local administration, at town halls, had been largely removed in Paris . On 7 March 1884 Poubelle decreed that owners of buildings must provide those who lived there with three covered containers of 40 to 120 litres to hold household refuse. It was to be sorted into perishable items, paper and cloth, crockery and shells. The population of Paris, close to two million, needed a system to empty the containers regularly. Parisians began to name their boxes after Poubelle, a habit encouraged by the newspaper ''Le Figaro'', which called them ''Boîtes Poubelle''. But the boxes met resistance, owners of buildings resenting the cost of providing and supervising the bins and traditional rag-and-bone men, the ''chiffoniers'', seeing a threat to their living. The boxes deteriorated but the principles of what Poubelle established survived. But not until the end of the Second World War did dustbins and their collection by municipalities become common. By then ''poubelle'' as a noun had been established by a supplement of the ''Grand Dictionnaire Universel du 19ème Siècle'' in 1890. Eugène Poubelle also campaigned successfully for direct drainage. A resurgence of cholera in 1892 led to his decreeing in 1894 that buildings were to be connected direct to the sewers at the expense of the building's owner. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eugène Poubelle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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